Thelma Golden How Art Gives Shape to Cultural Change Transcript
If you've ever taken an fine art history class or spent fourth dimension in a fine arts museum, chances are you lot know a lot almost the men who "defined" their mediums. Every bit with other subjects, almost of what we larn most art history today nevertheless centers on white men from Europe and, later, the Us. In reality, there are then many more artists of all genders to learn from and appreciate.
Here, we're specifically taking a look at but some of the women who take had lasting impacts on their art forms. From some of the fine art world's nigh iconic pioneers to its well-nigh unsung heroes, these women artists all had a hand — and, in some cases, nonetheless take a hand — in changing the world of fine art and how we define information technology.
Laura Wheeler Waring
Laura Wheeler Waring was an artist and educator who taught at Cheyney University in Pennsylvania for more than 30 years. After studying the work of painters similar Cézanne and Monet while abroad, she returned to the United States, becoming best known for her portraits of prominent Black Americans, many of which were painted during the Harlem Renaissance.
Cindy Sherman
Lensman Cindy Sherman was part of the Pictures Generation during the 1980s, and is perhaps nigh well known for her series of Untitled Film Stills (1977–lxxx) — self-portraits in which Sherman "posed in the guises of various generic female person film characters, amidst them, ingénue, working daughter, vamp, and lonely housewife" (via MoMA). In this serial, and those that followed, Sherman used photography to question the media's influence over our individual and collective identities.
Yoko Ono
Yous might first call back of Yoko Ono as a musician and activist, but she's likewise an accomplished functioning and conceptual artist. Ono was considered a pioneer in the performance art movement, earning the nickname the "High Priestess of the Happening".
One of her nearly revered works, Cut Piece, was a operation she commencement staged in Nihon; Ono sabbatum on stage in a nice suit and placed scissors in front end of her, and, in an human activity of daring vulnerability, invited audience members to come on phase and cutting away pieces of her clothing. "Art is like breathing for me," Ono has said. "If I don't exercise it, I commencement to choke."
Betye Saar
Before condign a printmaker and activist, Betye Saar studied design and was employed as a social worker. A printmaking constituent changed her entire career trajectory — and, in turn, part of the trajectory of art history.
Saar was function of the Black Arts Movement in the 1970s and, through painting and assemblage, critiqued institutionalized racism and the racist stereotypes white people held toward Black Americans. "To me the fox is to seduce the viewer," Saar has said. "If y'all tin can get the viewer to look at a work of art, then you might be able to requite them some sort of message."
Frida Kahlo
It's rare to find someone who hasn't at least heard of Frida Kahlo. A self-taught painter from Mexico, she is best known for exploring themes like death and identity through her cocky-portraits. Kahlo often used assuming, bright colors to create her symbol-rich works, and was regarded equally one of the most influential artists of the Surrealist motion.
Yayoi Kusama
Yayoi Kusama started painting at a very young age, only she's as well known for her hyper-existent sculptures, polka dots, installations, and so much more. Like many of her peers, Kusama embraced the counterculture of the 1960s, employing nudity in much of her piece of work. Today, she continues to create works for her indelible Mirror/Infinity rooms series, which utilize mirrors and lit objects to create a sense of endlessness.
Amy Sherald
Amy Sherald is an American painter and portraitist who depicts Black Americans, frequently doing everyday activities — something that became more mutual in portraiture writ large in the mid-19th century. Odds are that you lot recognize Sherald's work — and her signature grayscale skin tones — as she was the beginning Blackness woman to consummate a presidential portrait for the Smithsonian's National Portrait Gallery.
Georgia O'Keeffe
Known as the mother of American modernism, you likely associate Georgia O'Keeffe with her paintings of New Mexico'south landscapes, flowers, skulls, and, merely maybe, the skyscrapers of New York City. In the 1920s, she was the first woman painter to gain the respect of the New York fine art world, all by painting in her unique style.
Adrian Piper
Adrian Piper became a pioneering minimalist, feminist, and conceptual artist in 1970s New York Urban center. She used her piece of work to question society, identity, and racial politics by demanding the audition to confront truths well-nigh themselves. She oftentimes challenged people on the streets of New York to judge her race, socio-economic course, and gender — all while dressed as a Blackness man with a fake mustache and sunglasses, or while wearing compelling statements on her dress.
Shirin Neshat
Shirin Neshat left Iran in 1974 to study art in Los Angeles, California — before the Iran Islamic Revolution took identify. She is best known for her photography, moving-picture show, and video work, much of which explores the human relationship betwixt Islam's cultural and religious systems and women. Moreover, Neshat's works often create a sense of solidarity and empowerment.
Jenny Holzer
As a neo-conceptual creative person, Jenny Holzer'due south work focuses on words and ideas, which she puts on advertising billboards, projects onto buildings and adds to electronic displays or neon signs.
These works display phrases that deed equally meditations on various concepts, such as trauma, knowledge, and hope. One of her more notable works, I Odor You On My Skin, makes the viewer question what kind of sentiment the sentence conveys.
Rebecca Belmore
Much of Rebecca Belmore's fine art addresses identity and history — and, in particular, houselessness and the voicelessness of the First Nations People in Canada. As an Anishinaabekwe artist, she works to raise awareness around the prejudice, violence, and attempted erasure of Ethnic North American civilisation. In 2005, she was the start Indigenous woman to represent Canada at the Venice Biennale.
Louise Bourgeois
While a prolific printmaker and painter, Louise Conservative is better known for her installation art and sculptures — like the spider above — which were inspired by her own experiences and memories. Throughout her career, she created revolutionary works during a time when abstraction and conceptual fine art were the main styles shaping the fine art world.
Mickalene Thomas
Heavily influenced by pop culture and pop art, Mickalene Thomas ofttimes embellishes her paintings with rhinestones and uses colorful acrylic paints. In her piece of work, Thomas centers Black American women, whom she believes embody power and femininity.
Judy Chicago
Judy Chicago was one of the major figures within the early Feminist Art movement. As exemplified in her iconic piece of work The Dinner Party, her installation pieces often examine the role of women in history and culture — in the 1970s and before. While at California State University in Fresno, Chicago founded the first feminist art plan in the Us.
Augusta Cruel
Augusta Savage was an American sculptor during the Harlem Renaissance who worked toward securing equal rights for Black Americans in the arts. In add-on to creating scenic sculptures, often of Black folks, Cruel founded the Roughshod Studio of Arts and Crafts in Harlem in 1932, and, a few years later, she became the get-go Black American elected to the National Clan of Women Painters and Sculptors in 1934.
Carolee Schneemann
Known for her provocative performance fine art practices, Carolee Schneemann is considered the progenitor of "body art". (Just look up her virtually famous piece of work, Interior Whorl, and y'all'll see what we hateful.) She used her body to examine women'southward sensuality and liberation from the oppressive aesthetic and social conventions established by our patriarchal lodge.
Nan Goldin
Famous for her in-the-moment photography, Nan Goldin's piece of work challenges traditional power relations. In addition to documenting New York City's queer subculture mail-Stonewall, Goldin explored the HIV/AIDS crisis, opioid epidemic, and LGBTQ+ bodies.
Elaine Sturtevant
Does this look like an Andy Warhol to y'all? Well, that's the idea! Elaine Sturtevant, who went past her last name professionally, was a conceptual creative person known for her inexact replicas — that is, not-quite-right copies of large-name artists' piece of work.
Some artists and critics encouraged her efforts, while others became quite angry. Notwithstanding, Sturtevant used her works to explore the concepts of authorship, originality, and the construction of art culture.
Ruth Asawa
During the 1960s, Ruth Asawa created increasingly complex wire sculptures. A San Francisco-based creative person, Asawa'due south last public commission was the Garden of Remembrance at San Francisco State University, which was created to recognize Japanese Americans who were interned during World State of war II.
Catherine Opie
Known for her studio, portrait, and landscape photography, Catherine Opie has been a photographer since the age of nine. She uses her photography to examine social norms, and, in doing then, displays diverse subcultures in formal portraits — but in a way that conveys power and respect by evoking traditional Renaissance portraiture.
micha cárdenas
micha cárdenas is an creative person, author, theorist, and assistant professor who won an Impact Accolade at the Indiecade Festival in 2020 and the Creative Award from the Gender Justice League in 2016. She believes education is the path to liberation and uses VR and fine art to accost global bug such equally racism, gendered violence, and climate change.
Lee Krasner
Lee Krasner was an Abstract Expressionist painter who also specialized in collaging. Her works capture a spirit of relentless reinvention, from her Cubist drawings and assemblage to her portraits and murals for the Works Progress Administration (WPA).
Source: https://www.ask.com/culture/women-who-changed-world-of-fine-art?utm_content=params%3Ao%3D740004%26ad%3DdirN%26qo%3DserpIndex
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